대동사 do는 본동사인가요? 조동사인가요? 공부하다가요. 한 교재는 대동사do는 본동사라고 하고, 다른 교재는 조동사라고 하던데

공부하다가요. 한 교재는 대동사do는 본동사라고 하고, 다른 교재는 조동사라고 하던데 뭐가 맞는건가요?

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경우애 따라 다릅니다.

아래 (i)은 조동사, (ii)(iii)은 본동사, (iv)의 앞부분은 조동사이고 뒤 ( )부분은 본동사입니다.

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대동사(pro-verb)

(i) 앞에서 언급된 절이나 문장 일부분의 반복을 피하기 위해 조동사 외의 것은 생략

To avoid repeating words from a previous clause or sentence we use an auxiliary verb (be, have, will, would, may, can, etc.) instead of a whole verb group and what follows it:

[] "It['s raining again]." "It is (raining)?" It was sunny 10 minutes ago.(1G39A)

[] George [wasn't working], but Janet was (working).(2G49A)

[] "[Do] you [like onions]?" Yes, I do (like onions)(2G49A)

[] "[Did] it rain yesterday?" "No, it didn't (rain yesterday).(1G38C)

[] She said she['s finished], but I don't think she has (finished).(3G64A)

[] I [haven't seen the movies], but my sister has (seen the movies)(1G38A)

[] My sister [has seen the movies], but I haven't (seen the movies)(1G38A)

[] She [could lend] me the money, but she won't (lend me)(2G49A)

[] "[Would] any of you [like to go to Paris]?" "I would (like to...)".(3G64A)

[] "Do you think Jane [will call tonight]?" "She might (call tonight.)(1G'41A)

[] "They [could have been delayed] by the snow." "Yes, they could (have...)(3G64A)

(ii) 앞 문장에 조동사가 없을 경우에는 본동사 대신 do를 사용한다.

If there is no auxiliary verb in the previous clause or sentence, or if the auxiliary is a form of 'do', we can use a form of 'do' instead of repeating the main verb:

[] You [get] up earlier than she did.(1G86C)

[] Mona [plays] golf on Saturdays, and I do too.(and so do I)(3G64B)

[] He [cooks] a lot does Alex. = He cooks a lot, does Alex.(right dislocation)(구어체)

(iii) 본동사로 have나 have got가 사용될 경우에는 have나 do 어느 것이나 사용 가능

If have or have got is the main verb in the previous clause or sentence, we can usually use a form of either do or have:

[] Do you think I have a chance of winning?-Yes, I think you have(or do).(3G64B)

[] Even if he hasn't got a map himself, he may know someone who has(or does).(")

다만, have가 동작을 나타내는 경우에는 do를 선호한다.

However, if we use ‘have + noun’ in the previous clause or sentence to talk about actions (have a shower, have a shave, have a good time, etc.) we prefer do:

[] "I [had a good time]". "I did, too."(1G'41C)

[] I wasn't expecting [to have a good time at the party], but I did.(3G64B)

(iv) 구어체에서는 조동사 뒤에 do나 be를 사용할 수도 있다.

After a modal auxiliary verb (can, could, may, might, must, ought to, shall, should, will, would} we can use

do, particularly in spoken English:

[] "Will you be [see-ing [David today]?" "I might (do)".(see David today)(3G64C)

[] "Will you [be seeing David today]?" "1 might (be)."('be seeing David today)(")

[] "Is Ella staying for lunch?" "Yes, I think she will (be/do)."(3G64D)